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Bank Consolidation and Scale Economies Trend of Banks in a Developing Country
O.K.E. David Mautin
Journal of Economics Theory , 2012, DOI: 10.3923/jeth.2011.15.21
Abstract: This study provides a preliminary investigation of scale economies in banks over the period before, during and after bank consolidation in developing world using Nigerian case. It adopts the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for computing scale economies scores of the stable identity banks in the country in 2001-2008. The results revealed that on average, more banks enjoy economies of scale in period of consolidation than in period of 3 years prior to consolidation and 3 years after consolidation. Further, more banks record economies of scale in the pre-consolidation era than in post-consolidation period. Although, the level of economies of scale over the period in the sector is promising, more banks recorded diseconomies of scale. Averagely, foreign banks are scale efficient than domestic banks.
Optimizing Post-Construction Lifeline of the Nigerian Road Network System: Failures and Causes, Preventions and Remedies
O.K.E. Oluwaseyi Lanre
Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences , 2012,
Abstract: The growth and progress of any nation can be measured to a large extent by its socio-economic development and these largely depend on its road network system and as such, the development and management of roads have always been topical issues of discourse in developed and developing countries of the world. During the oil boom years of the seventies, a period of unprecedented road construction was witnessed in Nigeria to such an extent that road transport now accounts for 80% of passengers and goods movement in Nigeria. However, 85% of the approximately 200,000 km Nigerian road network is now in a deplorable state and as such, this calls for drastic actions to be taken, part of which is to declare a state of emergency on the road network system in Nigeria. This study discusses road network system failures and their causes, preventions cum remedies for total recovery.
Effect of cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus on penetration and reproduction of meloidogyne incognita in cowpea
Adekunle O.K.,Owa T.E.
Journal of Agricultural Sciences , 2008, DOI: 10.2298/jas0803193a
Abstract: greenhouse studies were conducted to investigate the effects of cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus on penetration and reproduction of Meloidogyne incognita in cowpea and the influence of these pathogens on the yield of cowpea. The interaction of both pathogens resulted in higher population density of the nematode at harvest and correspondingly reduced grain yield in comparison to inoculation of either pathogen alone or un-inoculated control. An almost equal number of nematode juveniles penetrated roots of seedlings of nematode - susceptible Ife Brown and TVU 2657 and nematode - resistant IT81D - 975 cultivars of cowpea, but the nematode did not develop beyond second stage juvenile in the resistant cultivar. Concomitant inoculation of the nematode and the virus resulted in a shortened life cycle of the nematode in comparison to nematode alone inoculation. Interaction of both the nematode and the virus had a limited effect on the nematode resistant cultivar of cowpea.
Adrenocortical response to competitive athletics in students from a Nigerian Tertiary Institution
E.E. Ogbonmwan,O.E. Osayande,O.K. Adebayo
- , 2017,
Abstract: Exercise is a voluntary stressor. It activates the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) as well as hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which results in an increase of cortisol secretion. Very little is known however about adrenocortical response at basal state, just before the onset of exercise (pre-exercise) and immediately after exercise (post-exercise) with relationship to gender especially in this environment. This study is therefore aimed at investigating the cortisol response during competitive athletics in male and female athletes during the basal state, just before the exercise commences, and after the exercise. Twenty male and female athletes (22.13 ± 3.37 years) participated in this study. They were divided into two groups based on gender. Each Group consisted of 10 athletes who participated in a 30-minute competitive sprint round the track. Blood samples were taken at basal states, pre-exercise and post-exercise states for the analysis of cortisol using an ELISA cortisol kit. From the results, the pre-exercise and post exercise cortisol levels were significantly higher than at the basal state in both male and female athletes. Also, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the cortisol level during basal and pre-exercise states between the male and female athletes. The female athletes had a significant (p<0.05) higher cortisol level in the post-exercise state compared to male athletes. conclusively, exercise increases cortisol levels during the anticipation state of exercise and after strenuous exercise in male and female athletes and the female athletes’ hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis maybe more responsive in the secretion of cortisol during strenuous exercise hence the greater increase seen.
Effect of processing conditions on yield and quality of hydraulically expressed palm oil
O.K. Owolarafe,E.A. Taiwo,O.O. Oke
International Agrophysics , 2008,
Abstract: An investigation was carried out on the effect of processing conditions such as sterilization time, digestion time and expression pressure on the yield and quality of hydraulically expressed crude palm oil. Palm fruits were collected, cleaned and sterilized for 30, 60 and 90 min. The fruits were then digested for 3, 5, and 10 min and later pressed with pressures of 0.5, 1 and 1.5 MPa for constant pressing time of 5 min. The results show that increase in sterilization time from 30 to 90 min, digestion time from 3 to 10 min and expression pressure from 0.5 to 1.5 MPa generally increased oil yield. The highest yield of oil of 35% was obtained at the sterilization time of 60 min, digestion time of 10 min and expression pressure of 1 MPa. The solid impurity content of the oil (as a measure of crude palm oil quality) at 30 and 90 min sterilization was observed to be generally high. The solid impurity at 60 min sterilization time was, however, observed to be low. Increase in digestion time and expression pressure increased the solid impurity at all sterilization times.
Membrane Stabilizing Activity: A Possible Mechanism of Action for the Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Properties of Russelia equisetiformis
E.O. Awe,J.M. Makinde,O.A. Olajide,O.K. Wakeel
International Journal of Pharmacology , 2006,
Abstract: The Methanolic extract of the whole plant of Russelia equisetiformis (10-40 mg kg-1) produced significant (p<0.05) anti-inflammatory using carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema method. The extract significantly produced analgesic effect through inhibition of acetic acid-induced writhing and significantly (p<0.0.5) elevated the reaction time to thermal stimulation in mice treated with extract (10-40 mg kg-1). It also significantly (p<0.05) stabilized erythrocyte membrane subjected to heat and hypotonic-induced lyses. The anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of the extract may be due to its membrane stabilizing action.
Magnesium levels in Individuals with Various Kidney Diseases, Infected with Neisseria gonorrhea
A.O. Adejuwon,C.A. Adejuwon,O.K. Awojobi,O.E. Olasunkanmi
Journal of Medical Sciences , 2005,
Abstract: Magnesium was detected in the human plasma of individuals (n = 20) with various kidney diseases and having gonorrhea. The values were relatively higher than those of controls (n = 20) (individuals without kidney diseases and without infection with Neisseria gonorrhea or any other veneral disease). Two of the individuals within the control group had plasma magnesium concentrations below 0.9 mg per 100 mL. The other eighteen individuals had values within the range of 0.9-1.9 mg per 100 mL. None of the infected patients with kidney disease had plasma magnesium concentration below 0.9 mg per 100 mL. All infected females with kidney diseases had plasma magnesium concentration above 1.9 mg per 100 mL. Of the total infected males, with various kidney diseases, 35% had plasma magnesium concentrations above 1.9 mg per 100 mL. Inspite of the fact that gonococal infection affects the upper renal tract, there seems to be no significant effect of such infection on plasma hypermagnesemia in individuals with certain kidney diseases. Hypermagnesemia could therefore still be a problem in patients with gonococal infection accompanied with renal diseases.
Waste printing paper as analogous adsorbents for heavy metals in aqueous solution
M.A. Ayedun,O.E. Omotola,O.J. Awokoya,O.K. Moyib
- , 2017,
Abstract: Waste printing paper (WPP) is an abundant local waste material that requires end-use channelling to reduce environmental pollution. In the present study, removal of cadmium (II) (Cd2+), copper (II) (Cu2+), nickel (II) (Ni2+) and lead (II) ions (Pb2+) from aqueous solution by WPP at varying incubating period, metal dosage and chemical modification with hydrogen peroxide were studied. In addition, desorption capacity of three solvents, distilled water (dil.H2O), 0.1M nitric acid, (HNO3), and ethylenediaminetetracetic acid (EDTA) was evaluated for possible recovery of Pb2+. The results showed WPP has adsorption efficacy of >90.0% and metal uptake of ≤ 25 mg/g for the assessed metal ions. There was high effect of metal dosage and contact time on WPP adsorption efficacy for the metal ions. Hydrogen peroxide treatment has negative effect on the WPP adsorption efficacy for Cd and Ni (II) ions, necessitating FTIR of WPP for possible functional groups distortion. The eluents used could recover <50 % adsorbed Pb2+ from WPP. WPP has potential as good adsorbent for heavy metals uptake from aqueous solutions but the recovery efficacy as economic and environmental concern requires further investigation.
Palynological Evidence of Pliocene-Pleistocene Climatic Variations from the Western Niger Delta, Nigeria
E.U. Durugbo,O.T. Ogundipe,O.K. Ulu
International Journal of Botany , 2010,
Abstract: Rich and well preserved assemblages of pollen, spores, and organic walled dinoflagellate cysts in 96 and 89 samples of Wells A and B from the Western Niger Delta Nigeria are recorded. The dominance of savanna pollen over wet climate indicators (mangrove, freshwater swamp species, brackish water swamp species and Palmae) and the preponderance of the dinocysts Polysphaeridium zoharyi and Operculodinium centrocarpum, species adapted to very saline and warm waters respectively, with abundant fungal spores dominated by Exesisporites sp., gives credence to a predominantly dry climate and lowered sea level during the Pliocene-Pleistocene (ca. 5.0-1.3 Ma) in the Gulf of Guinea. The most pronounced glacial events were around the 2.0-2.7 Ma, as well as between the 2.7-3.4 Ma.
Preliminary Study of Natural Radioactivity in the Lake Bosumtwi Basin
Simon Adu,E.O. Darko,A.R. Awudu,O.K. Adukpo
Research Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences , 2011,
Abstract: The concentrations of 238U, 232Th, and 40K in water from Lake Bosumtwi and bore-holes in selected towns around the Bosumtwi basin of the Ashanti region of Ghana have been determined. The concentrations were determined for water samples from 24 boreholes and 12 points across the lake using a High-Purity Germanium (HPGe) (γ-ray spectrometry. The water samples from the lake were found to contain acceptable levels of radionuclides with mean activity concentrations of 7.9, 89.7 and 0.6 mBq/L for 238U, 40K, and 232Th, respectively. The water samples from the boreholes recorded mean activity concentrations of 7.7, 85.5, and 3.3 mBq/L for 238U, 40K and 232Th, respectively. The annual effective dose calculated for the lake varied from 0.244 to 1.121 μSv with an average of 0.763 μSv and that calculated for the boreholes varied from 0.296 to 2.173 μSv with an average of 1.166 μSv. The radionuclides concentrations in water from the bore-holes and that of the lake, which serve as sources of water supply to the surrounding communities are negligible and pose no radiological hazards to the public.
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